Impacts of Water and Stress Transfers from Ground Surface on the Shallow Earthquake of 11 November 2019 at Le Teil (France)

The 4.9 Mw earthquake of 11 November 2019 at Le Teil (France) occurred a very shallow depth (about 1 km), inducing the surface rupture La Rouvière fault. question was raised shortly after about potential impact nearby quarry. Thanks to satellite differential interferometry, here, we revealed existence secondary quasi-parallel Bayne Rocherenard A newly processed seismic cross-section allowed us shape three-dimensional geometry local three-fault system. Assuming that triggered by meteoric water recharge, our numerical simulations show hydraulic pressure gradient maximum during period 2010–2019, just before event. estimated overpressure intersection two faults, which is most probable place hypocenter, close MPa. This effect and half times larger than cumulative mechanical stress release due mass removal from quarry over past centuries. work suggests rapid triggering mechanism on network faults heavy rainfall episode.